Recording and computing machine



Dec. 12, 1944. E. o. RoGGENsTr-:IN

` RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE 12 sheets-sheet 1 Filed Oct. 25, 1938III' I -l- E Y INVENTOR E O ROGGENSTEIN BY A TORNEY Y E. o. RoGGENs-ram2,364,758

RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Oct. 25, 1938 l2 Sheets-Sheet 2Dec. l2, 1944.

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RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE 12 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed 001'.. 25. 1958lNvENToR E o ROGGENSTEIN Bv ATTORNEY De- 12, 1944 E. o. RQGGENSTEINRECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Oct. 25, 1938 INVENTOR E oRoGGENsTEIN lEw .a0

TORMEY Dec, 12, l944- E. o. RoGGENsTElN RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE12 Sheets-sheet 5 Filed 001;. 25, 1938 INVENTOR E O ROGGENSTEIN A TORNEYE. o. RoGGENsTElN 2,364,758 RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed OCT..25, 1938 12 Sheets-Sheet 6 l: A TORNEY D@l 12, 1944- E. o. RoGGENsTINRECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE 12 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed Oct. 25, 1938 llNvsN-roR E O ROGGENSTEIN BY A ToRNsv Dec' 12, 1944 E. o. ROGGENSTEINRECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE 12 sheets-sheet s Filed Oct. 25, 1938FIG.|9.

.yNEN-ron E $0 ROGGENSTEIN A TORNEY Dec. l2, 1944. o, RQGGENSTElN2,364,758

RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed 001'.. 25, 1938 l2 Sheets-Sheet 943| (JL 'f RIV 40e lNvENToR E O. ROGGENSTEIN A TORNEY De- 12, l944- E.o. RoGGx-:NsTl-:m 2,364,758

RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Oct. 25, 1938 12 Sheets-Sheet l0 ilNvsN-roR l E. O. ROGGENSTEIN ATTORNEY Dec. 12, 1944. E. o. oGGENsTElN12 Sheets-Sheet 1l 44o 1 43e 44u 34 42a 43o 43s 437 EL o .ROGGENSTEIN BYA.ToRNEv Dc. 12, 1944 E. o. RoGGENsTElN 2,354,758

RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Filed Oct. 25. 1958 12 Sheets-Sheet 120l2345s-IB9 i E o RoGGgNsTEIN .m ATTORNEY Patented Dec. 12, 1944RECORDING AND COMPUTING MACHINE Edwin O. Roggenstein, Ilion, N. Y.,assigner to Remington Rand Inc.,

ration of Delaware Buffalo, N. Y., a corpo- Applcation October 25,19.38, Serial No. 236,854 19 Claims. '(Cl. 23S-59) This inventionrelates to recording and computing machineaand its object generallystated, is to provide improved means for recording one digit at a time,typewriter fashion, the totals registered on a totalizer. The moreimmediate and specific object of the invention, in the form vhereindescribed, is to provide improved means -for enabling an ordinarypower-operated combined typewriting and computing machine, such forexample as the electrified Remington bookkeeping machine, to print itsown totals by the usual typewriting mechanism automatically, with littleor no intervention by the operator of the machine.

Automatically operating apparatus for causing a typewriting andcomputing machine to print its own totals, are known, but some of themhave imperfections to cure which is an object of this invention, andthey have limitations which it is proposed to extend. One object of theinvention is to provide various improvements in electrical circuits foraccomplishing the purpose specified. Another object is to provideimproved means for sensing the totalizer wheels as to the digitsregistered by them. Another object is to render the apparatus morereliable and certain in its operation. Various other objects will beapparent from the specification and claims.

To the above ends, the invention consists in certain devices andcombinations and arrangements of devices both mechanical and electricaland in certain features of construction, all of which will be describedherein and pointed out in the claims.

The controls for causing the machine to record its own totals arepreferably electrical and they are so shown in the present instance; butsome of the features of the invention are also applicable to mechanicalapparatus. The invention includes improved means for sensing the wheelsof the totalizer, which act rapidly and are reliable in their operation.It also includes improved means for sensing the state of the totalizeras to the sign of the total, and highly eflicient and quick acting meansfor shifting the circuit so as to print the true complement of a numberregistered in the totalizer. This makes it unnecessary to providefugitive one mechanism in the totalizer, i

Machines of the type of the Remington bookkeeping machine are frequentlyhooked up to a punch to punch.records in statistical cards, as describedin numerouspatents such, for example, as that to Weiland and Russell,No. 1,682,451, dated August 28, 1928, and that to Lasker. Patent2,124,178, issued July 19, 1938. Obviously such a punch could beconnected with the machine herein described, in which event the totalswould be automatically recorded,'not only by printing them on thetypewriter but also by punching them in cards or tapes. The Powers punchdescribed in said patents itself includes digital solenoids to controlthe punches, a carriage and means foi` spacing the latter. The presentelectrical system is, as to many of its features, applicable directly tosuch a punch. The invention is, therefore, not limited to printing as arecording means.

A patent issued to George G. Going, September 12, 1939, No. 2,172,749,and also a patent issued to Frederick W. Schremp, July 7, 1942, No.2,288,846, describe and claim certain improvements in automatic totalwriting apparatus including electric circuits and shown applied to theRemington bookkeeping machine, and said patents may contain claimsreading on some feature of the constructions described herein. 'I'hepresent applicant is not the first inventor of anything disclosed in thesaid patents.

An illustrative instance of the invention is shown in the acocmpanyingdrawings, in which Fig, l is a general front-to-rear vertical sectionalview of said machine having the invention embodied therein, the viewbeing on an irregular section with some parts broken away or shownfragmentarily and many parts omitted;

Fig. 2 is a partial front elevation of the machine with certain parts atthe top of the ligure shown by a mirage eiiect which parts would reallybe hidden;

Fig. 3 is a partial right-hand side elevation with parts in section, andshowing the totalizers and some of the sensing or selecting mechanism;

Figs. 4 and 5 are views in left-hand side elevation and partly insectionshowing the shift and credit balance key mechanism in differentoperated positions;

Fig. 6 is a right-hand view onan enlarged scale partly in section andshowing the digit sensing mechanism;

Fig. '7 is a detached view of the extreme lefthand sensing wheel of thetotalizer, and a' cooperating sensing finger;

Fig. 8 illustrates one of the numeral sensing wheels of Athe totalizer,and a certain cooperating detector;

Figs. 9 and 10 are views of stationary plates for sensing punctuationpoints;

Fig. 11 is a front view of some of the mechanism shown in Fig. 6 and onthe same scale and in section on line of Fig. 6;

Fig. 12 is an enlarged section view illustrating the action of thesensing teeth of the totalizer wheels on the selector and sensingdevices;

Fig. 13 is a fragmentary front view of a portion of the carriage shiftmechanism;

Fig. 14 is a general left-hand view of the carriage shift mechanism andthe reversing and credit balance mechanism of the machine;

Fig. 15 is a fragmentary illustration of a portion of the mechanismshown in Fig. 14;

Fig. 16 is an isometric view of a certain circuit breaker and means forcontrolling it;

Fig. 17 is a top plan view in horizontal section of a portion of themechanism shown in Fig. 18;

Fig. 18 is a 'front view of the means whereby the circuit is controlledby the clearance-proof mechanism and the disconnect key of the machine;

Fig. 19 is a fragmentary right-hand side elevation partly in section andshowing the carriage escapement mechanism, certain circuit controllersand associated devices;

Fig. 20 is a top plan view with parts broken away of the mechanism shownin Fig. 19 with certain schematic additions thereto;

Figs. 21 and 22 are fragmentary views in rear elevation and inperspective respectively of some of the devices shown in Figs. 19 and20;

Figs. 23 andv 24 together constitute the circuit diagram of the machinefor writing the totals froml a single cross totalizer;

Figs. 25 and 26 together constitute the circuit diagram of the dualmachine in which totals are automatically written from two crosstotalizers.

In the drawings the invention is shown applied to an electrifiedRemington bookkeeping machine. This machine is well known in the art andhas been described in a series of patents, and only s much of themachine is shown in the present drawings as is necessary to anunderstanding of the invention and its application thereto. Said machineincludes a Remington typewriter, fragments of whose frame 50 are shownin the drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, the typewriter carriage 5| supports a platen frame52 carrying a platen 53. The type bars I are operated by sub-levers 55.The sub-levers which operate alphabetical type bars are operated bylevers 56 and those that operate numerical type bars by levers 51,which, together with the alphabetic key levers 58 and numerical keylevers 60 are all pivoted on an angle bar 6I at the rear of the machine.All of these type bars are operated by a power drive located in a basesection on the frame 62 in which the typewriter frame is mounted. Thispower drive includes three continuously rotating shafts, namely, a shaft63 for operating the computing mechanism and the numeral type bars, asnatch roll El for operating the alphabetic and other character typebars, and a third shaft 65 which operates the tabulating, backspacing,and carriage shifting mechanisms. These three shafts are drivencounter-clockwise, Fig. 1, by any suitable means, such as a motor, asshown in patent to Dodge et al. 2,064,154, December 15, 1936.

Each of the alphabet type bar operating levers 56 has a hook 66 pivotedthereto and hanging down in front of the snatch roll 64. Each of thealphabet key levers 58 has a depending arm 01,

adapted to rock a bell-crank 58 carrying a hook engaging the upper armof the hook 66 in such fashion that, when the key lever is depressed,the

hook 06 is swung into engagement with the snatch roll which depressesthe lever 88 and operates the type bar.

0n the shaft 83 there is a series of cams 1|, one for each numeral key,and said cams are loose on the shaft and each is controlled by a clutch,the dog 12 of which is shown in Fig. 1, said dog adaptedfor engagementwith a toothed wheel fast on the shaft. This dog is controlled by alatch 13 adapted to be tripped by a pusher 1| pivoted to the associatednumeral key lever 60 with the result that the dog 12 engages the toothedwheel and drives the cam 1l for a single rotation at the end of which itis arrested by the dog, 12 again striking the latch 13. Each cam 1|controls a follower lever 1I urged downward by a strong spring 16. Theshape of the cam is such that, when it rotates, this lever moves firstdownward and then up to its normal position. The lever 15 carries apivoted pawl member 11, which, when the lever is at the bottom of itsstroke, snaps in under the front-end of a lever 18, which at its rearend is articulated by pin and slot with one of the levers 51. On theup-stroke of the lever 15, pawl 11 rocks the lever 18, which, in turn,rocks the lever 81 and operates the numeral type bar.

Each-lever 15 has pivoted thereto a link 80, which is pivoted to a lever8|, which, in turn, is pivoted to a vertical link 82, which operates thecomputing mechanism. All of this mechanism is so well known that it isunnecessary to describe it further.

The Remington machine also includes a space bar 83, whose bail arms 84are fast on a shaft 80. an arm of which is adapted to operate the dogrocker 86 of the typewriter escapement through a link 81. This link isalso arranged to be operated by a universal bar which is actuated by theheel of each of the type bars 54. The typewriter also includes adenominational tabulating mechanism. The column stop bar 88 at the rearof the typewriter carriage carries column stop 90 adapted to be arrestedby denominational stops 9| mounted in a frame 92 at the rear of thetypewriter. These stops 9| are operated by vertical levers 93, which, inthe present machine, are or may be operated by power under control ofthe tabulator keys 9i at the front of the machine. The mechanism foroperating most of the denominational stops is not shown herein, but lthedrawings do show the mechanism for operating one of the stops 9|automatically by the travel of the typewriter carriage. This particularstop is operated by one of the levers 03, which, like the other suchlevers, is operated by a slide 95, which, in turn, is operated by avertical lever 96 pivoted in a special tabulator frame 01. Thismechanism is substantially the same as that described in the patent toDodge et al. above mentioned, and it will, therefore, be unnecessary todescribe it further. Lever 96 is operated by a link 98 pivoted onv thefollower lever |00 of a cam |0| which is loose on the drive shaft 65 andoperated by a clutch comprising a toothed wheel fast on said shaft andengageable by a dog |02. This dog is normally held out of engagement bya compound latch |03 in the form of a three-armed lever pivoted at |04,the horizontal arm of this lever normally holding the cam in theposition shown in Fig. 1. When this lever is rocked counterclockwise torelease the dog |02 a tooth or hook on the end of the upright arm |05 ofthis lever moves into the path of the dog |02 and arrests the dog atabout the end of a quarter-rotation of ascuas the' cam. so that the camstands in that position until .the compound dog is rocked back to normalposition. When'that occurs thedog is released from the latch arm |05 andis, at the end of its complete rotation, arrested in normal position bythe arm |03. 4The outline of the cam Ill is such that, during the firstquarter-rotation thereof, it rocks the follower lever Illtoward the rearmoving the stop 9| into active position and holding it there until nearthe` e'nd of the complete rotation of the cam. More than half of theoutline of this cam is a concentric high part so that the stop is notwithdrawn instantly on therelease I of the dog arm |05, but remains instopping position until near the end of the rotation of the cam, thusgiving the carriage time to settle down from any vibration that may havebeen caused by its arrest. Y Y

'I'he latch or detent |03, |05 is operated by a plate-like lever |06,which lies beneath the rearwardly extending third arm of the latchmember.

` This lever is adapted to be rocked clockwise in order to operate saidlatch lever by a long rod |01 resting on its rear end and extendingupward to a pointabove the top plate of the typewriter, where its upperend rests under the end of an arm |08 of a device arranged to rock on atransverse horizontal pivotal axis and comprising an upstanding-arm ||0adapted to cooperate with a cam bar mounted on the underside of thecolumn stop bar 08 in such manner that it can be set-at any desiredlocation lengthwise of said bar. As this automatic tabulating mechanismis fully described in the Dodge et al. patent, and as its detailedconstruction forms no part of the present invention,- it is believedthat no further description ofit is necessary herein. All of thetabulator levers 93 cooperate with a universal bar ||2 lying behind themand having an arm ||3 extending horizontally forward therefrom, said armconnected by a link I4 with an arm fast on a rock- `shaft ||5 in thebase of the typewriter. The construction is such that, when anytabulator stop is operated, this universal bar is rocked` counter-`clockwise and rocks the shaft I l5 clockwise. This shaft has an arm |16adapted to operate an arm ||1 fast on a second rock-shaft ||8 so as torock the clutch mem-bers into engagement, and at the motion of thecarriage, is automatically pulled downand latched down by meanscontrolled by the carriage. This mechanism is not further describedbecause it bears on the present invention only in the respect that itopens a pair of `contacts to break an electric circuit during the timewhen the carriage is being returned. 'I'hese contacts '|31 are shown inFig. 16 as mounted respectively |40 -fastened to the rear left-handcorner post of the typewriter, and bearing against the cross stud |2|hereinbefore referred to as being swung toward the front of the machinewhenever the tabulator is in operation. The shaft |35 has fast thereon adepending arm |4|, which also moves this same cross stud forward duringthe time when thel carriage return mechanism is in operation. In itsnormal position, this stud holds the contacts closed, but they springopen whenever said stud is movedtoward the front of the machine eitherby the tabulator or by the carriage return mechanism.

Except 4as hereinafter described, the computing mechanism is of the sortthat has long been used in the Remington machine and which is described1n a line of patents, which in a way may be said |25; begin with that toWahl 1,270,471, dated June including a cross truck |52 carrying a crosstothe latter counter-clockwise. Said shaft ||6 has fast thereon an arm|20, the upper end of which (Fig. 16) carries a cross piece or stud |2|.which (Fig.. 1) is connected by a pin and slot with a long link |22,which operates a certain' lock, which in the Remington machine is calledthe ball lock, at the front of the machine, so as to lock allnumeralkeys .and certain other devices'whenever the tabulator is in operation.The typewriting machine includes a power drivencarriage returnmechanism, A rack |26 is mounted on the under side of the rear rail ofthe carriage 5| and meshes with a pinion |21 on the upper end of avertical shaft |20, on which a worm wheel |30 is loosely joumaled. Thisworm wheel is driven by a worm |3| on a shaft |32 driven by a belt atthe right-hand side of the machine.

'I'he said worm wheel |30 carries the driving element of a clutch, thedriven element of which is a sleeve |33 slidably splined on the shaft|28 and controlled by an arm |34 fast on a rockshait |35, which at itsleft-hand end (Fig. 16) is totalizers |46, and

controlled through an arm |36 by a mechanism l not shown herein, butwhich is .well known in the art. 'I'his mechanism may be so set that, atthe en d of/a line of writing, the arm.|3 6 is autotalizer |53 andpicked up by the vertical totalizers |46, one after another through theintermediary of a pick-up beam |54. At theend of each computing columnthe cross truck'is freed from the vertical totalizer and is drawn backby a spring to its initial right-hand position.

vThe links 82 v(Fig. 1) operate the usual "fan segments and goose-neckcams, which rock a difi'erential shaft 19 `(Fig. 2) and operate thever.- tical master wheel |55 (Fig. 3) and a cross master wheel |56 torotate the carrier gear wheels |51 and |58 of the vertical and crosstotalizers y The transfermechanism, etc., are all of the usual kind. Thevertical master whee1 is reversible for subtraction by means of theusual hand lever not shown. The cross master wheel is reversible forsubtraction by cluding a follower roller |62 (Figs. 2 and 3) mounted onan arm |63 fast on a. rock-shaft |64 and operating the reversingmechanism. The follower roller |62 is under the control of cams |65(Figs. 2 and 3), one on each of the vertical each cam is setta'ble to anupper position where it does not depress the roller |62 but leaves thecross master wheel set for addition, as in the left-hand one of the fourtotalizers shown in Fig. 2, or to an intermediate position as in thethird totalizer shown, where is disconnects the cross master wheelleaving it inoperative, or to a lowest position shown on the the usualmeans in on two blades |36 and from the lower cross bar on aspring-pressed lever 181 so as second and fourth totalizers where itdepresses the roller 182 to its full extent and sets the cross masterwheel to subtraction.

Both master wheels can be reversed simultaneously each irrespective ofwhether it wasbefore set for addition or for subtraction, by ,themechanism usual in this machine, and which includes (Fig. 14) a rod orbar 166 mounted in the rear of the actuator mechanism and normallyoccupying its left-hand position. When this rod is slid to itsright-hand position, it reverses both master wheels. This can be done bymeans of a so-called correction key lever 161, which, when depressed,pushes upward on a link 168, which operates the left-hand arm of abell-crank 110, whose upper arm pushes the rod 166 toward the right. Thekey lever 161 has at its rear end a pin that can play in a slot 111 in avertical link 112, which can be pushed upward underthe con trol of a key113 which is usually called a credit balance key although that term isinapt as applied to the present invention. 1n the present machine, theactual raising of this link 112 is effected by the case shift mechanism,which at the same time imparts an upward case shift movement. to theplaten 53 so as to print negative numbers with a distinctive form oftype. Mechanism similar to that employed in the present machine has beenin use in the Remington machine heretofore, but, as this mechanism hasbeen modied somewhat for the purposes of the present invention, it willbe described in some detail.

The power-operated case shift mechanism (Figs. 13, 14, and includes arail 114 on which rides a roller or wheel 115 journaled on a stud 116 ofthe platen frame 114 is supported and operated in 52. This fail themanner shown in Fig. '1 of the patent to Hart No. 1,929,064, datedOctober 3, 1933, which patent describes a power-operated case shift, butnot eX actly like the one now employed. The rail 114 has several posts111 by which it is supported, each of said posts playing in a slot in abell-crank 11e to which the post is pivoted at 180. Each of thesebell-cranks is pivoted on afstud 181 supported by the top plate of thetypewriter and the downwardly extending arms of all of the bellcranksare connected by a long transverse link 182 in such a manner that bypulling this link toward the left in Fig. 18, all of the bell-crankswill be rocked clockwise and will elevate the rail i111 and the platenframe. One"I of the bellcranks 11S has pivoted thereto at 180 the upperend of a push link 183, which at its lower end is guided for verticalmovement by suitable stationary guide plates. The lower end of this linkis substantially directly above the power shaft near the left-hand endthereof.' Mounted loosely cn the shaft 65 is an assembly comprising acam 1530 anda detent cam or disc 185. The latter has a concentricoutline interrupted by two notches adapted to be engaged by a roller 186mounted to retain the disc and with it the cam 184 in either theirnormal position shown in Fig. 14.- or in another position about removedfrom normal. The cam 11.36 has pivoted thereto the usual clutch dog 188adapted for cooperation with the usual toothed wheel 190 fast on thecontinuously rotating shaft 65. The parts are held in the normalposition shownby a latch 191 pivoted on a stationary stud 182 and drawnupward by a spring 193 in position to arrest the dog 188 and force itout of engagement with the wheel 180. A second latch 194 above the camassembly is adapted to arrest the dogy 188 and the rotation. This offloating lever cam assembly after about a halflatch is in the form of asort brace a stationary stud 195 on which it can slide. The latch 194 ispivoted at 196 to a coupling member 191 guided for up and down motion bya stationary stud 198 passing through a slot in the coupling member. Thelower end of lhiS Coupling member is forked to embrace a stud 200projecting from the lower latch 191 in such fashion that, if thecoupling member is pushed downward bringing the upper latch 194 into thepath of the dog 188, it will push the lower latch out of engagement andpermit the cam to make a half-rotation. When the pressure on thecoupling member is released, the parts are drawn by the spring 193 intotheir normal position shown, releasing the dog 188 from the latch 199and causing it to be arrested after a half-rotation at normal positionby the latch 191. The coupling member 191 isv connected with the lowerlatch 191 by a tension spring 201 so that, if the latch 191 is pulleddownward, it tends to draw the latch 194 after it, but the spring canyield momentarily if the upper latch is held at the time.

The cam 184 is adapted to operate a follower roler 202 mounted on theend of an arm 203 pivoted on a stationary stud 204, said roller bear ingon the top of the cam. At the right of the arm 203 is another arm 205(see Fig. l5) substantially parallel therewith, and also pivotedl on thestud 204. This arm 205 has a stud 20S on which the foot of the push ink183 rests and by which said link is pushed upward to effect the shift.The arms 203 and 205 are connected by a pair of strong springs 201 oneat each side of the piece 205 and each secured at its lower end to apost 208 projecting in both directions from a depending branch of thearm 205 and at its upper end to a stud 210 projecting from the arm 2113.Said stud is of such length as to project through a hole 208 in the arm205 so as to support the two springs one on each side of 205. The hole20S is larger than the stud 210, so that although the two arms 203 and2115 ordinarily rook together, the former can be forced a little higherwhen the stops arrest the upward shift of the platen, stretching thesprings 201. Except for the springi, the case shift mechanism so fardescribed, is the same that has been in use in the Remington machineheretofore.

In the operation of the present invention, the case shift mechanism isbrought into use when writing negative totals, by the latch 191 beingdrawn downward by a link 211 connected with an arm 212 of the armature213 of an electromagnet 214 mounted on a stationary part 215. When inentering items, it is desired to reverse the normal direction of theoperation of the computing mechanism and to print an item in distinctivetype, a case shift mechanism is brought into operation by means of thecredit balance key 113. Without reversing the computing mechanism it canbe brought into operation by means of the case shift key 216 or theshift lock key 211. To these ends a lever 21B, pivoted at 220, has onits rear end an adjustable piece 221, which bears on the coupling member191 so that a counter-clockwise rocking of the lever will depress thatmember and bring the case shift mechanism into operation. The lever 218is so rocked by pin-and-slot connection 222 with the key lever 223 onwhich the case shift key or button 219 having a downwardly and rear-`wardly extending part forked at its end to emdepressed with orshiftlock key 2|1.

is mounted. Said lever 223 has a restoring spring 224.

In the Remington machine the power driven case shift mechanism is alsoutilized to shift the reversing mechanism of vthe computer. To this endthe usual shaft 225, which at its forward end is Journalled in a frameplate 226 and carries the arm 221 to which the link |12 is pivoted .(seealso Fig. 2) has also at its forward enda small gear sector 228 meshingwith another gear sector 236 on an additional shaft 23| lying parallelwith the shaft 225 and, like it, journalled in frame plate 226 and inanother frame plate 232. This shaft 23| has on its rear end an arm 233,which is connected by a link 234 (Fig. 13) with an arm or bracket 235secured to the link |83 near the upper end of the latter. Theconstruction is such that, when said link is shifted upward for uppercase, it rocks the shaft 23| clockwise in Fig. 13. In Fig. 13 the plate232 is omitted for clearness. The clockwise rotation of the shaft 23|may be imparted to the sector 230, which will rotate the shaft 225counter-clockwise and reverse the computing mechanism. Said shaft 225also has at its rear end an arm 236, which operates a link 231, whichextends to the bi-color mechanism of the machine and sets it forprinting in red. The sector 230 is loose on the shaft 23|, but isconnectable with it by means of a clutch, one element of which consistsof a notched hub 233 of said sector, and the drivingelement of which isa toothed sleeve 240 slidable on the shaft 23|, but constrained torotate with it by pin-and-slot connection 24|. In the Remington machineas heretofore constructed, this sleeve 2,40 normally occupies a rearposition out of engagement with the other member of the clutch so that adepression of the shift key 2|6 causes a case shift operation, but doesnot operate the shaft 225 and the computer reversingmechanism. A linkageis provided, however, of such a sort that, if the credit balance key |13be depressed, the clutch member 240 will be moved into engagement, andin that event the computing mechanism will be reversed, and the bi-colormechanism set for printing red. If this construction was used in thepresent machine, the magnet 2id would not reverse the computer. Thisstandard Remington construction has, therefore, been modified so as toreverse the last mentioned mode of operation, that is to say, the clutch240 is normally in engagement and remains in engagement if the creditbalance key |13 is depressed, but is drawn out of engagement if the caseshift key 2|6 is without an operation of the The clutch member 240 iscontrolled by means including an arm 242 pivoted on a stationary pivot243 and lying in a peripheral groove in said clutch member or sleeve240. This arm 242 is controlled by a toggle consisting of a link 244pivoted to the arm 242 and pivoted at its other end to a link 245,which, in turn, is pivoted on a fixed s tud 246. This toggle is normallystraight or turned a shade upward beyond its dead center. but is adaptedto be broken as shown in Fig.

by the depression of the shift key 2|6. The link 244 is preferably madeof two layers by folding a long piece of sheet metal back upon itself,and the pivot 241 by which it is connected with the link 245 joins thesetwo layers. Also stradling this pivot between said two layers is a lever248 having a bifurcated end and a xed pivot 250, this lever extendingout in front of frame plate226. The credit balance key |13 is pivoted 45at 25| on a bracket projecting frontward from the plate 226 and it isdrawn upward by a fairly strong spring 252, its motion being limited bya heel 253 of the key lever coming against said plate 226.

The shift lock key 2| 1 is of the same construction as heretofore usedin the Remington machine. It is pivoted at 254 to the key lever 223, itsmotion relative to said lever being limited by a stud -255 occupying afork in the front end of lever 2|1. Said key is held in its upperposition by a spring 256. This key lever has a short arm 251 whichcontrols a locking dog 258 pivoted to the lever 223 at 260, and thislever has a stud 26| which is drawn up against the arm 251 by a spring262, attached to said stud and to the stud on the lever 2|'|. In thenormal position of the lever 2|1., the latch 258 is held in the positionshown in Fig. 14, where it'will not engage a sheet metal bracket or stop263 projecting from the stationary framework. When, however, the lever223 is depressed by pressure of the finger on the key 2H, the latter lsrocked about its pivot 254. as shown in Fig. 5, depressing the lever 223and allowing the locking dog 258 to snap in under the stop 263, so that,when pressure `on the key is removed, the lever 223 will be held in itsdepressed position. The spring 256 tends to restore the lever 2|1, butis unable to clo so on account of the frictional resistance on the dog258 due to the pressure of the said dog againstthe stop 263 by thesuperior spring 224. A tap of the finger on the key 2 6 will momentarilyrelease this pressure and allow the key 2li' to return to its normalrelation to the lever 223 and allow the latter to return to normalposition.

In order to release the clutch member 240 from the clutch member 238when the case shift key or shift lock key 2| 1 is depressed, abell-crank 264 is pivoted to the' side of the credit balance key leverat 265 and its arm has a stud 26S lying beneath the front end of thelever 248. This bellcrank 264 extends down alongside of key lever 2 I 1and it has an inclined slot embracing a stud 268 on the side of saidlever 2|'|. 'I'he inclination of this slot is such that a depression ofeither of the keys 2 i6 or 2|'l rocks the bell-crank 264 clockwisein'Fig. 5, rocking the lever A248 counter-clockwise and breaking thetoggle 244, 245 and pulling the clutch member 246 out of engagement. Asshown in Fig, 5, in this operation the credit balance key remains in itsupper position. By this means characters other than numerals can beprinted in upper case without operating the change gear mechanism.

Depression of the credit balance key |13 moves the parts to the positionshown in Fig. 4. In this operation bell-crank 264 acts as a push link onthe stud 268 and first rocks shift lock key lever 2li about its pivot25e and then rocks the lever 223 the same as if the shift lock keyitself had been directly operated. The result is that the vlocking dog258 comes into operation and locks the lever 223 down. In this operationthe lower end of the bell-crank 264 passes over a stationary stop 210,consisting of a finger of sheet metal projecting inward from thestationary framework. When the operators finger is removed from the key|13, the spring 252 restores said key. It will be perceived that thedepression of the key |13 in the manner described involves both adownward movement of the bell-crank 264 as a Whole and also acounter-clockwise rotation of it about its pivot 265. The result is thatthe stud 266 is moved entirely away from the lever 248 the means wellknown in pressed between the plate 292 and does not rock said lever. Theclutch member 240, therefore, remains in engagement and when the platenframe is shifted, shaft 225 is rotated and the shift gear mechanism forthe two master wheels are both reversed in the manner and by theRemington machine.

The cross totalzer |53 is provided with an extra shaft 215 havingjournalled thereon a set of thirty-toothed wheels 218, one meshing witheach of the carrier wheels |58, as best shown in Fig. 6. Each. of thegears 218 has riveted thereto a spacer 211 and a disc 218. Each disc 218has three teeth 280 projecting therefrom and capable of being sensed soas to read the indication of the Wheel. The totalizer has one carrierwheel at its extreme left-hand side not connected with a dial, butprovided with a special disc 28| shown in Fig. '1, and which will bemore particularly described presently. 'Iwo special plates with sensingteeth will be described in the proper place.

The sensing unit for reading the cross-totalizer has a frameworkcomprising a left-hand frame plate 282 mounted on two frame rods 283 and284 of the machine. A piece of insulating material 285 is in the shapeof an arch or segment of a cylinder, whose end is secured to plate 282by screws. The right-hand end of this arch is supported by a framemember 288 (Figs. 3 and ll) also secured to the rods 283 and 284,

The means for sensing the digital positions of the totalizex` wheelsconsists essentially of a series of ten sensing fingers 281 adapted tomake electrical contact with the teeth 280. These fingers have theirends projecting into the path's of movement of the teeth 280 as thelatter travel with the carriage. They are arranged in an arc about theshaft 215 and are spaced 12 apart in said arc, the same as the teeth ofthe wheels 218, and they are so situated that when in the leftwardtravel of the carriage a particular carrier wheel |58 is in mesh withthe master wheel |58, one of the teeth 280 of its meshing wheel 218 isin contact `with a ilnger 281 as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 12,

Each finger 281 (Fig. 12) is pivoted at 288 to a support 290 which isitself pivoted at 29| to a fixed but adjustable plate 292, secured to apost 293 which passes through and is supported by the arched insulator285. A spring 294 is comthe finger 281 tending to rock said fingerclockwise about its pivot 288, such rocking being limited by a pin 295on the support 29|).y The construction is such that the finger has afixed rest position relative to the support 290 from which it is free toswing leftward but not rightward. The pressure of the spring 294 tendsto rock the support 290 counter-clockwise, its motion in that directionbeing limited by a stop pin 298. This support, therefore, has a definiterest position from which it is free to swing clockwise only, the finger281 swinging with it. The right-hand end edge of the tooth 280 and theleft-hand end edge of the finger 281 are beveled so that, when the toothis traveling with the carriage toward the right it cams the finger outof its path- As the finger 281 cannot swing rightward about its ownpivot, the support 290 swings clockwise. The radius from its pivotedcenter 29| to the end of the finger makes an acute angle with the lineof travel-of the tooth, so that the finger is swung out of the path ofthe tooth and snaps in behind it after a relatively short travel of thecarriage, as will be apparent from Fig. l2. On the other hand, theradius on which the finger swings to and a branch of r the left aboutits pivot 288, as the carriage steps leftward, makes normally nearly aright angle to the line of carriage travel, so that the tooth is incontact with the finger through a materially greater extent of thetravel of the former, before it moves out of itspath and snaps back. InFig. l2 a tooth 280 is shown by solid lines one step to the right of itsactive position. It will be seen that the tooth when stepping leftwardto its active position shown in dotted lines makes contact a littlebefore it reaches its rest position and does not lose contact until ithas moved a considerable part of its next succeeding step also shown indotted lines. This is important, because the escapement and thetabulator stops which arrest the carriage are at the rear thereof andthe totalizer-at the front, and when the carriage is arrested there is acertain amount of overthrow of the totalizer, which vibrates right andleft for a moment and to some extent, and this must not cause the toothto lose contact with the finger. The present construction has provenhighly successful in this regard.

The post 293 passes through a threaded sleeve 291 having a washer 298and a nut 300, a conductor wire 304 being soldered to the former. Thesleeve has a square head seated in an internal angular groove in theinsulator 285 to prevent the sleeve from turning. Said sleeve is crossslotted at 30| (Fig. 6) so that, when the post 293 is adjusted in andout of its correct position and the nut is tightened, the V threadsclamp the slotted sleeve against the post and retain it in adjustedposition. Each plate 292 is seated in a slot in a short post 302 seatedin the insulator, so as to prevent said plate from swinging andpermitting of the described in and out adjustment. Each plate 292 mayhave a sheet 303 of insulation fastened to one face thereof to avoid anydanger of contact between adjacent plates. It will be seen that 'all ofthe fingers 281 are insulated from the frame of the machine and from oneanother, so that a circuit may be established from a tooth 280 to one ofthe wires 304. All of the wires 304 and some others presently to bedescribed, are collected into a cable 308 (Fig. 2).

As shown in Fig. l2, the normal position of a finger 281 is just to theright of the rest position of a tooth 280, so that said ilngers do notinterfere with the rotation of the totalizer wheel. When in a.total-writing operation a tooth 28| makes contact with a finger as shownin dotted lines, a circuit is closed which causes the register wheel to-be turned to zero. In this rotation the` tooth moves out of contactwith the linger which immediately snaps to its normal position shown infull lines, where it is out of the way. This whole structure may beshielded by a cover plate 305.

In order to detect the arrival at the .master wheel of the totalizerwheel which at the time registers the last digit other than zero, thefollowing mechanism is provided (Figs. 2, 3, 8, and l2). Just'at theright of the row of sensing fingers 281 there is mounted a metallicarchshaped detector- 308. This detector is mounted on an arm or lever301 which is pivoted at 308 to a block 3|0 secured by screws 3I| to theinsulating arch 285, so that the detector can swing about its pivottoward and from the wheels 218. One of the screws 3H has a washer 3|2 towhich is connected a conductor wire 3|3. The inward motion of thedetector is limited by an adjusting screw 3|4 at the lower end of thelever 301, said screw being adapted to strike a block or finger 3|5 ofmetal, which is secured to the insulator 285 by a screw 3|6 having awasher 3|1 to which is fastened a conductor wire 3|8. In order to securethe proper adjustment to the detector 306, said detector is pvoted at320 to the arm 301 and two adjusting screws 32| on opposite sides of thepivot enable the detector to be adjusted about the pivot 320 and heldfirmly in adjusted position. In use the whole swinging member is onerigid structure pivoted at 308. Access to it is afforded by a cutout inthe insulator 285 as shown in Fig. 2.

As best shown in Fig. 12, the right hand edge of the detector is beveledat 322 so that the teeth 280 may cam the detector outward during thetravel of the carriage toward the left. The bevel on the teeththemselves will cam it outward during the rightward travel. The detectoris driven toward the totalizer wheels by a light spring 326.

The arc covered by the detector is of an extent equal to nine toothspaces of the wheel 216 and it is so positioned that, if a wheel standsat zero, one of its teeth 280 will be just above the upper edge andanother of itsteeth just below the lower edge of the detector, as shownin Fig. 8, so that a wheel standing in this position will not hold thedetector in its outer position. If, however, any wheel registers a digitother than zero. one of its teeth 280 engages the detector and holds ita short distance away from the wheel, as shown in Fig. 3. The contactscrew 3|4 is so adjusted-that, when there is no wheel behind thedetector registering a digit other than zero, then the detector willswing inward until the screw 3|4 touches and is arrested by the block3|5, and will thereby make electrical contact between the wires 3|3 and318; but a vwheel in any other position will hold the detector outwardand prevent the screw 3|4 coming in contact with the wire 3|5. Theleft-hand edge of this detector (Fig. 12) is at such a distance to theright of the lingers 281 that, when a totalizer wheel is in engagementwith the master wheel and its tooth 280 is in contact with one of thefingers 281, the next wheel to the right of it will still be behind thedetector. When the last wheel that registers a digit other than zeromoves into engagement with the master wheel, therefore. the detectorwill be freed and its spring 326 will close the contact 3|43| 5. Thedetector 306 is at least long enough toward the right so that, when thehighest totalizer wheel is in engagement with the master wheel. thelowest wheel will be behind the detector.

In order to determine at the very beginning of a total-writing operationwhether the balance registered on the totalizer is positive or negative.the left-hand wheel 216 has its disc 28| made in the form shown in Fig.7. It differs from the disc 218 in that instead of having three teeth280, it has-fifteen teeth 2800, one at every other toothspace. Thiswheel is never turned except by a transfer from the highest totalizerwheel provided witha dial. This left-hand wheel. therefore, in correctoperation never registers any digits except zero and nine. the formerwhen the total is positive, and the latter when it is negative. Onetooth 280 would suiice to detect this difference, but it is consideredpreferable to putin a full set of them partly to simplify the assemblingof the machine, but mainly because. throughV some unusual operation, thewheel may become accidentally rotated, as for example, by a greatover-running of the capacity of the totalizer. Any even .numberedposition of this wheel will indicate 'a positive total, and any oddnum-k 7 bered position a negative total, with the understanding that innormal operation, this amounts to a zero indication or a nineindication. In order to sense this special wheel, a special sensingfinger 280| (Figs. 6 and 7) is set three toothspaces above the zerosensing finger 280. It is mounted like the other sensing fingers on apost 293|. except that this post and the sensing finger itself aresituated one letter-space distance to the left of the plane of the othersensing fingers, as` indicated by the position of this post 293| in Fig.2. The result is that, when the carriage is tabulated to the highestwheel for'which the totalizer is adapted, that is to say, to the secondwheel from the left, the finger 280| comes into action at the same timeas one of the fingers 280. This special sensing finger is connected witha wire 328 (Fig. 6), the electrical connections from which will bedescribed hereinafter.

Remington totalizers are sometimes spaced for punctuation by commas, onesuch space being shown in Fig. 1l. When this position of the totalizerreaches the master wheel, the carriage is automatically letter-spacedunder the control of a built-up disc 330, thev outline of which is shownin Fig. 9. This plate has a hub occupying one letter-space position onthe shaft 215, and an arm or branch extending upward and forked toembrace the shaft 33| on which the idler pinions |60 are journalled,this arrangement being to prevent rotation of the disc. 'This disc has atooth 332 (Fig. 6) one tooth space above the zero position of a wheel216. This tooth 332 is longer than the teeth 280 and it cooperates witha sensing finger 333 similar to the sensing fingers 281, but shorter sothat it will not be affected by one of the teeth 280. This sensingfinger 333 is mounted on a post 334 connected to a wire 335, whoseelectrical connections will be described hereinafter.

The totalizer also has a blank space for the decimal point and this isoccupied by a plate 336, whose outline is shown in Fig. 10. It is likethe plate 330 except that its tooth 331 occupies a. position onetooth-space behind the nine position of the wheel. This tooth 331, likethe tooth 332, is longer than the teeth 280 and it is engaged by afore-shortened sensing finger 338 (Fig. 6) secured to a post 340 andconnected to a wire 34| whose electrical connections will be describedhereinafter. 'Ihe said connections not only cause a letter-space step ofthe carriage, but also perform another function which will be described;

The automatic spacing of the carriage is effected by a solenoid 342(Figs. 19, 20, and 21) mounted on a bracket 343 secured to the frame orcasing 92 for the tabulator stops. This solenoid has its plunger 344 inposition to push forward an arm 345 secured to the rear surface of thedog-rocker 86. The momentary reciprocation of this plunger will operatethe dog-rocker the same as the ordinary link 81.

In order to control the electric circuit by the typewriter carriage in amanner to be explained hereinafter, the following devices are provided(Figs. l, 2, 19, 20, and 22). The bracket 343 projects some distancerearward and includes a leftward projecting branch to which is secured agroup of contact springs separated by insulating material in the usualway, and comprising two pairs of contacts 346 and 341, the latter infront of the former. The Remington machine as sometimes `manufacturedincludes a long transverse bar 348 mounted on the typewriter carriage byarms 350 at its ends. The bar is utilized to support one or moreadjustable cam blocks 35| which may be adjustably secured to the bar inam' suitable way. As here shown each said block is secured to a loop 352partially surrounding the bar 348 so that it can be slid lengthwise ofthe bar to any suitable position, where it can be secured by a set screw353. This block is on the forward face of the bar 348 and its left-handend is inclined as shown so as, in the leftward travel of the carriage,to cam forward a roller 354 mounted on the upper end of a; spring-leaf355 secured to the bracket 343 along with the other spring-blades andinsulated from the contact springs. As the carriage travels toward theleft, the block 35| will cam the roher 354 toward the front of themachine, first closing the contacts 346 and then closing the contacts341. This block is so adjusted on the bar 348 as to close these contactsin that step of the carriage in which the highest significant wheel ofthe cross totalizer is brought into engagement with the cross masterwheel in the total or balance column. As will hereinafter appear, theresult is that the electric circuit for the automatic writing of a totalis closed or energized at that instant.

The high part o! the cam block 35| is of such length as to keep thecontacts closed during the whole travel of the wheels of the crosstotallzer over the master wheel. After writing the last digit of thetotal, the' carriage steps as usual to the sub-units position. At theright-hand end f the block 35| there is a step 355 lower than the highpart of the block so that in the sub-units position,l the roller 354occupies a mid-position between its normal position, where the ycontactsare open and its forward position where the contacts are closed. In thissub-units position the roller holds the contacts 346 closed but leavesthe contacts 341 open. As will be explained this is in order to breakthe circuit to the numeral printing solenoids without breaking that ofthe solenoid for writing a clear signal.

When it is desired to write a running or read total (without clearingthe total'izer) another cam block 348 like the block 35| may bemountedvon the bar 348 to the left of said block 35|. A second bar 351is mounted behind the bar 348 and carries a short contact block 352which, in the sub-units position of the column deilned by block 346,deilects another follower roller 358. This controls two pairs ofcontacts 356 and 36|, the former normally closed and the latter normallyopen. This is to control the printing of a certain special symbol aswill be explained.

In Fig. 20 the parts are shown diagrammatically in a position betweenthe sub-total and clearing total positions of the carriage. The arm I6is shown deflected rearward by the cam block and the carriage is,therefore, running free under control of the automatic tabulator.

The clear signal mechanism includes the usual comb feeler 363 resting onthe teeth of the dial pinions and, when the last totalizer wheel comesto zero position, they are permitted by the aligned fore-shortenedpinion teeth 365 to assume the position shown in Fig. 6, under thepressure of a spring 31| acting through the articulated arms 366 and361. When any pinion is turned vto a position other than zero, itsfull-length teeth swing the feeler clockwise and the bell-crank 351, 316counter-clockwise, moving the projecting finger 316 from itsclear-signifying position shown in full lines to its non-clear positionindicated by dotted lines. When, the totalizer being cleared, it jumpsback to the right at the end of a.

column, ringer 816 runs under and lifts the usual cam 312 (Fig. 18)which is secured as usual to a lever arm 313 pivoted at 314 to a frameplate 315 and acted on by a spring 316. When the totalizer is not clear,the nger 316 does not touch 312. In the present machine, the finger 316and cam 312 constitute the contacts to close a clear signprintlngcircuit, and the plate 315 is, therefore, insulated by sheets, washersand sleeves 386 of insulating material separating the plate 315 from thecasting |45 and from the securing screws 318. A wire 38| is secured tosaid plate and forms part of the circuit.

' The Remington machine includes a disconnect key 382 consisting of alever pivoted on a frame bracket and projecting from the front of themachine. This lever may be depressed by hand with the effect that thelinks 82 (Fig. l) become ineiective to actuate the computing mechanism.With this key in its depressed position where it can be latched by asmall lever 383, the machine becomes a mere typewriter and the registerwheels do not turn. It is customary in the Remington machine to use astar key lock as a part of the clear signal mechanism, and it iscustomary to provide means whereby this lock cannot be released when thedisconnect key is depressed. Mechanism for this purpose, well-known inthe machine, includes the following parts:

In Fig. 18, 384 designates several of the vertical frame barsconstituting parts o f the framing of the actuator. Between two of thesethere is mounted-a frame bar 385, having pivoted thereto at 886 aperculiarly shaped lever 381 controlled by a spring 388 tending to rockit clockwise. Disconnect key 382 rocks a lever 38.6 whose principalfunction is to throw out of action certain fullstroke devices, saidlever being pivoted on a frame post 38|. It has a rearwardly extendingarm overlying a leftward extending arm of the lever 381 sothat when thekey is depressed the last named lever is rocked counter-clockwisedrawing leftward a link 382 to vwhich is secured a plate 383 sliding inone of the frame plates 384. This existing mechanism is utilized in thepresent machine to close an electric circuit whose purpose is to disablethe automatic clear-sign printing mechanism. To this end a stationarybar or arm 384 (Figs. 1'1 and 18), is secured to a stationary plate 315by means of screws 385. A sheet of insulating material and suitablewashers and sleeves of the same material 388 insulate this bar 384 fromthe bracket 315. At its left-hand end at 381 this bar has pivotedthereto a depending lever 388 arranged to be rocked by a spring 46|attached to the bar 384, counter-clockwise, pressing said lever againsta sleeve 462 of insulating material surrounding the screw 463 by whichthe plate 383 is secured to the wire link 382. When said link is drawnleftward by the depression of the disconnect key 382, it rocks the lever388 clockwise, moving a contact spring 484 mounted thereon into contactwith the head of a bolt 465 which is secured to the bar 384 throughinsulation 465. This bolt has a wire 461 connected thereto and anotherwire 468 is connected to the bar 384. The construction is such that when.the disconnect key is down electric connection is made between these468. It will, of course, be understood that the details just describedhave been used merely to adapt this electrical contact to the mechanismalready in the machine. Any suitable contacts may be employed to close acircuit when the disconnect key is depressed.

two wires 461 and

